A space elevator is a proposed type of structure that could transport spacecraft and cargo into space cheaper and faster than traditional rocket launches. It would consist of a tether extending from a base on Earth up to a counterweight beyond geostationary orbit.
The Obayashi Corporation in Japan announced plans in 2012 to begin constructing a space elevator by 2025 at a cost of $100 billion, with operations potentially starting in 2050. Their research is ongoing on design, partnerships, and promotion.
A space elevator could cut the cost of sending material to space to an estimated $57 per pound, versus over $1,000 per pound for current rockets. It could also transport goods faster, getting to Mars in 3-4 months versus 6-8 months for rockets.
Major technological challenges include developing a material strong enough to withstand the immense tension of the tether, as there is insufficient steel on Earth. Carbon nanotubes have been proposed but current lengths are too short.
Additional issues include weather hazards, terrorism risks, lengthy construction timelines, and huge costs. While an ambitious concept, building a space elevator remains difficult with no launch date yet confirmed.
Source: business insider
